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M MIME types (Definition) MIMEType Description application/MacAnim_Viewer DL Animation application/macbinary MacBinary application/MacBooz Zoo Archive application/MacLHA LHArc Archive application/macwriteii MacWrite Document application/Microsoft_Word Word for Windows Template application/MoviePlayer DV Video application/ms-powerpoint application/MS-PowerPoint application/msword Word Document application/netcdf Channels application/octet-stream Binary Executable application/oda ODA Document application/PageMaker PageMaker 3 Document application/pdf PDF File application/PF_Encrypt Private File application/pgp-keys PGP Key File application/Photoshop PhotoShop Document application/PictureViewer OS/2 Bitmap application/PlayerPro 669 MOD Music application/postscript PostScript File application/pre-encrypted Pre-encrypted Data application/QuarkXpress QuarkXpress Document application/Replica Replica Document application/ResEdit Resource File application/rtf Rich Text Format File application/sdp Session Description Protocol application/self-extracting Self-Extracting Archive application/Self_Extracting_Archive Self-Extracting Archive application/SimpleText Apple documentation file application/smil SMIL Document application/SoftWindows MS-DOS Executable application/SoundApp Amiga OctaMed music application/SoundHack IRCAM Sound application/streamingmedia Standard Streaming Metafile application/StuffIt StuffIt Archive application/StuffIt_Expander PackIt Archive application/SunTar Unix BAR Archive application/vnd.fdf Forms Data Format Table continued on following page 1439

JavaScript Programmer’s Reference MIME types (Definition) An Internet standard way of distinguishing between different kinds of container files. The MIME types mechanism was originally developed for sending attachments in mail messages. Nowadays it has become a commonplace way of describing the content of a document in a way that many non e-mail client applications can understand. This is defined as part of the HTML 4.0 standard. Here is a list of some relevant MIME types for JavaScript programmers: MIMEType Description * Wildcard match everything */* Wild card match both parts separately application/applefile AppleSingle file application/AppleLink AppleLink Package application/ArcMac PC ARChive application/BBEdit ML Source application/binary Application Binary Data application/Canvas Canvas Drawing application/cdf Channels application/CodeWarrior Java Class File application/Compact_Pro Compact Pro Archive application/DeArj ARJ Archive application/DiskCopy Apple DiskCopy Image application/Envoy Envoy Document application/Excel Lotus Spreadsheet r2.1 application/FileMaker_Pro FileMaker Pro Database application/FileMaker_Pro_3 FileMaker Pro Database application/Finder OpenType Font application/FoxBase+ DBase Document application/fractals Fractal Image Format application/futuresplash FutureSplash Player application/GraphicConverter Animated NeoChrome application/gzip application/gzip application/HexEdit Untyped Binary Data application/java-archive Java Archive application/JPEGView OS/2 Bitmap application/mac-binhex40 Binhex File application/MacAmp MPEG-1 Layer 3 Table continued on following page 1438

M Microsoft TV (TV Set-top Box) Example code: // Function to print an owner object property function my_name() { document.write(this.name); } // Create a new object instance var myObject = new Object; // Define the name property for the object myObject.name = “Example”; // Associate the function so it can be used as a method, // note that we omit the parentheses myObject.my_name = my_name; // Call the function via the method interface myObject.my_name(); // Call the function normally my_name(); See also: Accessor method, Function, function( … ) …, java.util, Member, Property, Statement, this Cross-references: ECMA 262 edition 2 section 4.3.3 ECMA 262 edition 3 section 4.3.3 Wrox Instant JavaScript page 30 Microsoft TV (TV Set-top Box) A digital TV set-top box. This is a more enhanced version of the WebTV box. It may well work on analogue but is really intended for deployment in a digital TV environment. The triggering and standard HTML support is defined according to the ATVEF platform specifications, which are evolving and are not yet complete but are looking to be the definitive profile that ‘Browser in a box’ type of system needs to conform to. Technically, this platform is more advanced than WebTV but it is fundamentally the same. The JavaScript capabilities in this system would be broadly in line with what you would expect a normal PC browser to cope with but there may be a few limitations here and there. There are also likely to be extensions provided as new object types and possibly some additional methods added to existing objects but these would be quite minimal. Detecting that you are running in a set-top box may not always be easy. The user agent values may not tell you that you have a DTV environment available and you may need to be a little more clever and test for the existence of specific object classes. You need to do that in a way that does not cause a run-time error of course. It’s a good technique to practice to ensure your scripts run reliably regardless of whether they are designed for use with Microsoft TV or not. See also: ATVEF, WebTV 1437

JavaScript Programmer’s Reference Metacharacter (Definition) A special symbolic way of describing some property of a character. Used in regular expressions. Refer to: RegExp pattern Method (Definition) A method is an action that can be performed on an object. Availability: ECMAScript edition 2 Functions are implemented in the script interpreter objects and are accessed as methods when they are themselves associated with an object. Methods are owned by objects. An instance of a class can own some private methods, which it does not share. It can also share methods it inherits from its prototype. Privately owned methods are sometimes called instance methods. Those functions that are associated with the Globalobject do not need an object prefix to be used. The Global object is always present and available and in the scope chain and prototype inheritance tree. Therefore the identifiers for those functions can be resolved easily, and in your script code they appear to be like functions in C language. When you declare functions in your script, as they are constructed they are associated with the Globalobject and are also available in the same way. Functions associated with the Math object require the Math object to be cited when they are called. Because they are visibly associated with the object and are called via the object, they are methods. You can specifically associate one of your own functions with an object other than the Global object. If you do that, then you can refer to the owner object with the variable named ‘this’. It is a special variable that is like the ’self’ variable in Smalltalk. Because a function is an object and associating it with your own object is by means of a reference to the function object, you can share function code between several objects. So, a method is simply a function that is written in a particular way that means it works well when associated with an object. As soon as you start to use the ‘this’ variable, then it’s likely your function is no longer useful as a stand-alone function and ought to really be called as a method from that point onwards. 1436

M META.name (Property) META.name (Property) The name of the meta information this object describes. Availability: DOM level 1 JavaScript 1.5 JScript 3.0 Internet Explorer 4.0 Netscape 6.0 Property/method value type: String primitive JavaScript syntax: -myMETA.name This is the value of the NAME=”…” HTML tag attribute in the tag that instantiated this object. META.scheme (Property) A describer for the content form. Availability: DOM level 1 JavaScript 1.5 JScript 5.0 Internet Explorer 5.0 Netscape 6.0 Property/method value type: String primitive JavaScript syntax: -myMETA.scheme The meta data in the tags may use the same names in a name=value pair to mean something different according to who defined the meta tag contents. The scheme property reflects the SCHEME=”…” HTML tag attribute and defines separate namespaces so the meta information can be interpreted more correctly. It offers a context within which the meta data values are defined. META.url (Property) A special MSIE supported property containing the URL associated with a tag. Availability: JScript 3.0 Internet Explorer 4.0 Property/method value type: String primitive JavaScript syntax: IE myMETA.url Occasionally, most likely in an auto-refresh META tag, you will need to specify a URL value. An auto- refresh tag uses a client-pull technique to request a page update automatically after a timed interval. 1435

JavaScript Programmer’s Reference META.content (Property) The contents of the VALUE=”…” HTML tag attribute belonging to the tag that the object represents. Availability: DOM level 1 JavaScript 1.5 JScript 3.0 Internet Explorer 4.0 Netscape 6.0 Property/method value type: String primitive JavaScript syntax: -myMETA.content A tag will contain a name-value pair stored in two separate HTML tag attributes. The content property relates to the value part of that name-value pair. The name property is contained in a NAME=”…” HTML tag attribute. The web server hides additional information in header records that the client browser uses, but which are invisible to the user and generally hard to access from JavaScript. The tags support an HTTP-EQUIV=”…” HTML tag attribute which, although encoded as part of the document source, will behave as if it were a server response header value. This is also used in conjunction with the content property as an alternative way of forming a name-value pair. See also: META.charset, META.httpEquiv META.httpEquiv (Property) The contents of the HTTP-EQUIV=”…”HTML tag attribute belonging to the tag that the object represents. Availability: DOM level 1 JavaScript 1.5 JScript 3.0 Internet Explorer 4.0 Netscape 6.0 Property/method value type: String primitive JavaScript syntax: -myMETA.httpEquiv This property will also reflect the value of the NAME-=”…” HTML tag attribute if that was used in preference to the HTTP-EQUIV=”…”HTML tag attribute. However only one or the other may be present in the tag in the document source. This property is used in conjunction with the content property to construct a name-value pair. See also: META.content 1434

M META.charset (Property) Event name JavaScript JScript N IE Opera DOM HTML Notes onClick 1.0 + 1.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 3.0 + 4.0 + Warning onDblClick 1.2 + 3.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 3.0 + 4.0 + Warning onHelp 3.0 + 4.0 + Warning onKeyDown 1.2 + 3.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 3.0 + 4.0 + Warning onKeyPress 1.2 + 3.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 3.0 + 4.0 + Warning onKeyUp 1.2 + 3.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 3.0 + 4.0 + Warning onMouseDown 1.2 + 3.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 3.0 + 4.0 + Warning onMouseMove 1.2 + 3.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 4.0 + Warning onMouseOut 1.1 + 3.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 3.0 + 4.0 + Warning onMouseOver 1.0 + 1.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 3.0 + 4.0 + Warning onMouseUp 1.2 + 3.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 3.0 + 4.0 + Warning Inheritance chain: Element object, Node object META.charset (Property) A value containing the character encoding of the content in the tag. Availability: JScript 3.0 Internet Explorer 4.0 Property/method value type: String primitive JavaScript syntax: IE myMETA.charset This would contain the character set being used by the document referred to by the HREF=”…” HTML tag attribute. For example the value “iso-8859-1″ is likely to be returned but the local variant of the browser and OS may affect the value you get. This property might contain a value such as: csISO5427Cyrillic Details of other aliases can be located at the IANA registry. See also: META object, META.content Web-references: ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/character-sets 1433

JavaScript Programmer’s Reference anIndex A reference to an element in a collection aName An associative array reference Argument list: anElementID The ID value of an Element object Object properties: charset, content, httpEquiv, name, scheme, url Event handlers: onClick, onDblClick, onHelp, onKeyDown, onKeyPress, onKeyUp, onMouseDown, onMouseMove, onMouseOut, onMouseOver, onMouseUp These tags and their corresponding object instantiations are used to convey hidden information about the document. This information might be useful to a search engine for example. Sometimes the server uses the METAinformation to control the way the pages are cached into a proxy. Likewise, a client browser may use these values to control the local caching and expiry times of a document. There may be several META objects associated with a document. There is no collection object that provides an enumerable set containing only the METAobjects but you can traverse the document.all[] collection and extract them in MSIE or use the collection returned by the DOM compliant document.getElementsByTagName(”META”) method which is supported on Netscape 6.0 and recent versions of MSIE. It is possible you might know the unique ID=”…” HTML tag attribute value in which case you can access the required object directly. This is not currently supported at all in Netscape 4.0 although, because it is part of the DOM specification, it is added to Netscape 6.0. Warnings: . Netscape 6.0 returns an undefined value for the charset property and incorrectly appends it to the content property. . For this meta tag: . . Netscape Navigator 6.0 returns these values: . myMeta.httpEquivis defined as “Content-Type” . myMeta.content is defined as “text/html; charset=8859-1″ . myMeta.charset is undefined See also: , Element object, META.charset Property JavaScript JScript N IE Opera DOM HTML Notes charset 3.0 + 4.0 + - content 1.5 + 3.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 1 + - httpEquiv 1.5 + 3.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 1 + - name 1.5 + 3.0 + 6.0 + 4.0 + 1 + - scheme 1.5 + 5.0 + 6.0 + 5.0 + 1 + - url 3.0 + 4.0 + - 1432

M META object (Object/HTML) If you have access to the server mechanism, you might be able to effect the same things by forcing it to add this header to the response as it goes out: Content-Script-Type: text/JavaScript The second useful tag is used to define the default style definition language. Given all the warnings about JSS not being portable and it having been deprecated, you could use this in your document block: Again, if you have access to the server mechanism, you might be able to add this header to the response as it goes out: Content-Style-Type: text/JavaScript Warnings: . Since MSIE does not support JSS and Netscape ignores the tag variants, these tags are of limited use. See also: